CAUSAS E CONSEQUÊNCIAS DO PROCESSO DE DESERTIFICAÇÃO EM GILBUÉS – PI: UMA REVISÃO DE LITERATURA

Abstract

A desertification is a global process that induces soil degradation in arid, semi-arid, and dry sub-humid climate regions. In Brazil, the northeastern region is the most affected by this process. This article presents a literature review on the causes and consequences of desertification in Gilbués-PI. The methodology involved searching for references in Scielo, Google Scholar, and the Capes Periodicals Portal databases, as well as literature from institutions such as IBGE, MMA, and CPRM. Maps were generated using the QGIS software (version 3.10.7) and cartographic data from IBGE (2022). The study discussed the natural and climatic conditions of Gilbués-PI, identifying the main causes and consequences of desertification. Human interventions, such as improper land use, deforestation, livestock farming, and mining, were identified as triggering factors for this process. The research results highlight that the reasons for desertification in Gilbués-PI are multiple and complex, with natural environmental vulnerability being a significant factor in the desertification process, exacerbated primarily by human actions.